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Fraunhofer diffraction by volumetric bodies of constant thickness

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Abstract

Explicit expressions for Fraunhofer diffraction patterns (spectra) of absolutely black bodies of constant thickness have been derived from the model of equivalent diaphragms in the Kirchhoff–Fresnel approximation. The expressions can be interpreted as results of interference between generalized point sources with corresponding amplitudes and Fresnel radiation diagrams located at boundary points of the object. Approximation of the Fresnel radiation diagrams by elementary functions is suggested for analytical estimation. For essential simplification of calculations, the quasi-geometrical approach has been developed, according to which the light diffraction by faces of the object is taken into account and propagation of diffracted waves in free space is described in the geometrical-optics approximation. The extension of objects is shown to result in Fresnel modulation of their spectra and also in disturbance of the equidistant position of diffraction minima. There is agreement between theoretical and experimental results.

© 1989 Optical Society of America

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